PORTUGUESE 57,600 in Angola (1993);
KIMBUNDU, MBUNDU, LOANDA (LUANDA, LUNDA,
LOANDE, NORTH MBUNDU, NBUNDU, N'BUNDO, DONGO, NDONGO, KINDONGO)
3,000,000 (1995 WA) or 25% of the population (1990 WA), including
41,000 Ngola (1977 Voegelin and Voegelin). Northwest, Luanda Province.
Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern,
Narrow Bantu, Central, H, Mbundu (H.20). Dialects: NJINGA (GINGA, JINGA),
MBAMBA (KIMBAMBA, BAMBEIRO), MBAKA (AMBAQUISTA), NGOLA. Related to Songo,
Sama, Bolo. Other related languages, dialects, ethnic, or alternate names:
Amboim (Mbuiyi), Kibala (Quibala), Lengue (Quilengue), Ngage, Dembo of Cacuta
Caenda, Ngengu, Bondo, Quembo, Mussende, Makamba (Macamba). Mbamba may be
a separate language.
UMBUNDU (UMBUNDO, M'BUNDO, QUIMBUNDO,
OVIMBUNDU, SOUTH MBUNDU, NANO, MBALI, MBARI, MBUNDU BENGUELLA)
4,000,000 (1995 WA) or 38% of the population (1990 WA). West, Benguela
District. Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid,
Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, R, South Mbundu (R.10). Related to Nkhumbi,
Ndombe, Nyaneka. 'Umbundu' is a better name than 'Mbundu Benguella'. Trade
language.
KONGO (KIKONGO, KIKOONGO, CONGO, CABINDA) 1,144,000 in Angola (1990),
13% of the population (1990 WA); 1,000,000 in Zaïre (1986 UBS); 3,217,000
in all countries (1991 UBS). Northwestern corner. Also in Congo. Niger-Congo,
Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu,
Central, H, Kongo (H.10). Dialects: SOUTH KONGO, SOUTH EAST KONGO, WEST KONGO
(FIOTE), NDINGI, MBOKA. Ndingi and Mboka may be separate languages.
CHOKWE (CIOKWE, COKWE, SHIOKO, KIOKO, QUIOCO, DJOK, TSHOKWE, TSCHIOKLOE)
500,000 in Angola and Zambia (1991 UBS); 504,000 in Zaïre (1991
UBS); 1,004,000 in all countries. Northeastern Lunda District, and some in
eastern Bie, western Moxico, and central Cuando Cubango. Niger-Congo,
Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu,
Central, K, Chokwe-Luchazi (K.20). Dialect: MINUNGO.
KWANYAMA (OCHIKWANYAMA, KUANYAMA, KWANJAMA, KWANCAMA, CUANHAMA, OVAMBO, HUMBA)
421,000 in Angola (1993 Johnstone). South central. Also in Namibia.
Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern,
Narrow Bantu, Central, R, Ndonga (R.20).
NYANEKA (LUNYANEKA, NHANEKA, NHANECA) 400,000 (1993 Johnstone).
Southwestern. Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid,
Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, R, South Mbundu (R.10). Dialects: HUMBE,
MWILA (OLUMUILA, MUILA, HUILA). Work in progress.
